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authorSaumit Dinesan <79687674+Saumit-D@users.noreply.github.com>2021-10-26 13:27:48 +0530
committerGitHub <noreply@github.com>2021-10-26 13:27:48 +0530
commit8b6fbdef89548f8b33164f873948d49449322508 (patch)
tree1c40cbe3e148c53870a3a658d2f7beca92d666bc /FAQ
parent24078b9b81bf6dbeb721323de83be9ef47e659a0 (diff)
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-## Why does st not handle utmp entries?
-
-Use the excellent tool of [utmp](https://git.suckless.org/utmp/) for this task.
-
-
-## Some _random program_ complains that st is unknown/not recognised/unsupported/whatever!
-
-It means that st doesn’t have any terminfo entry on your system. Chances are
-you did not `make install`. If you just want to test it without installing it,
-you can manually run `tic -sx st.info`.
-
-
-## Nothing works, and nothing is said about an unknown terminal!
-
-* Some programs just assume they’re running in xterm i.e. they don’t rely on
- terminfo. What you see is the current state of the “xterm compliance”.
-* Some programs don’t complain about the lacking st description and default to
- another terminal. In that case see the question about terminfo.
-
-
-## How do I scroll back up?
-
-* Using a terminal multiplexer.
- * `st -e tmux` using C-b [
- * `st -e screen` using C-a ESC
-* Using the excellent tool of [scroll](https://git.suckless.org/scroll/).
-* Using the scrollback [patch](https://st.suckless.org/patches/scrollback/).
-
-
-## I would like to have utmp and/or scroll functionality by default
-
-You can add the absolute patch of both programs in your config.h
-file. You only have to modify the value of utmp and scroll variables.
-
-
-## Why doesn't the Del key work in some programs?
-
-Taken from the terminfo manpage:
-
- If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the keys
- are pressed, this information can be given. Note that it is not
- possible to handle terminals where the keypad only works in
- local (this applies, for example, to the unshifted HP 2621 keys).
- If the keypad can be set to transmit or not transmit, give these
- codes as smkx and rmkx. Otherwise the keypad is assumed to
- always transmit.
-
-In the st case smkx=E[?1hE= and rmkx=E[?1lE>, so it is mandatory that
-applications which want to test against keypad keys send these
-sequences.
-
-But buggy applications (like bash and irssi, for example) don't do this. A fast
-solution for them is to use the following command:
-
- $ printf '\033[?1h\033=' >/dev/tty
-
-or
- $ tput smkx
-
-In the case of bash, readline is used. Readline has a different note in its
-manpage about this issue:
-
- enable-keypad (Off)
- When set to On, readline will try to enable the
- application keypad when it is called. Some systems
- need this to enable arrow keys.
-
-Adding this option to your .inputrc will fix the keypad problem for all
-applications using readline.
-
-If you are using zsh, then read the zsh FAQ
-<http://zsh.sourceforge.net/FAQ/zshfaq03.html#l25>:
-
- It should be noted that the O / [ confusion can occur with other keys
- such as Home and End. Some systems let you query the key sequences
- sent by these keys from the system's terminal database, terminfo.
- Unfortunately, the key sequences given there typically apply to the
- mode that is not the one zsh uses by default (it's the "application"
- mode rather than the "raw" mode). Explaining the use of terminfo is
- outside of the scope of this FAQ, but if you wish to use the key
- sequences given there you can tell the line editor to turn on
- "application" mode when it starts and turn it off when it stops:
-
- function zle-line-init () { echoti smkx }
- function zle-line-finish () { echoti rmkx }
- zle -N zle-line-init
- zle -N zle-line-finish
-
-Putting these lines into your .zshrc will fix the problems.
-
-
-## How can I use meta in 8bit mode?
-
-St supports meta in 8bit mode, but the default terminfo entry doesn't
-use this capability. If you want it, you have to use the 'st-meta' value
-in TERM.
-
-
-## I cannot compile st in OpenBSD
-
-OpenBSD lacks librt, despite it being mandatory in POSIX
-<http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/c99.html#tag_20_11_13>.
-If you want to compile st for OpenBSD you have to remove -lrt from config.mk, and
-st will compile without any loss of functionality, because all the functions are
-included in libc on this platform.
-
-
-## The Backspace Case
-
-St is emulating the Linux way of handling backspace being delete and delete being
-backspace.
-
-This is an issue that was discussed in suckless mailing list
-<https://lists.suckless.org/dev/1404/20697.html>. Here is why some old grumpy
-terminal users wants its backspace to be how he feels it:
-
- Well, I am going to comment why I want to change the behaviour
- of this key. When ASCII was defined in 1968, communication
- with computers was done using punched cards, or hardcopy
- terminals (basically a typewriter machine connected with the
- computer using a serial port). ASCII defines DELETE as 7F,
- because, in punched-card terms, it means all the holes of the
- card punched; it is thus a kind of 'physical delete'. In the
- same way, the BACKSPACE key was a non-destructive backspace,
- as on a typewriter. So, if you wanted to delete a character,
- you had to BACKSPACE and then DELETE. Another use of BACKSPACE
- was to type accented characters, for example 'a BACKSPACE `'.
- The VT100 had no BACKSPACE key; it was generated using the
- CONTROL key as another control character (CONTROL key sets to
- 0 b7 b6 b5, so it converts H (code 0x48) into BACKSPACE (code
- 0x08)), but it had a DELETE key in a similar position where
- the BACKSPACE key is located today on common PC keyboards.
- All the terminal emulators emulated the difference between
- these keys correctly: the backspace key generated a BACKSPACE
- (^H) and delete key generated a DELETE (^?).
-
- But a problem arose when Linus Torvalds wrote Linux. Unlike
- earlier terminals, the Linux virtual terminal (the terminal
- emulator integrated in the kernel) returned a DELETE when
- backspace was pressed, due to the VT100 having a DELETE key in
- the same position. This created a lot of problems (see [1]
- and [2]). Since Linux has become the king, a lot of terminal
- emulators today generate a DELETE when the backspace key is
- pressed in order to avoid problems with Linux. The result is
- that the only way of generating a BACKSPACE on these systems
- is by using CONTROL + H. (I also think that emacs had an
- important point here because the CONTROL + H prefix is used
- in emacs in some commands (help commands).)
-
- From point of view of the kernel, you can change the key
- for deleting a previous character with stty erase. When you
- connect a real terminal into a machine you describe the type
- of terminal, so getty configures the correct value of stty
- erase for this terminal. In the case of terminal emulators,
- however, you don't have any getty that can set the correct
- value of stty erase, so you always get the default value.
- For this reason, it is necessary to add 'stty erase ^H' to your
- profile if you have changed the value of the backspace key.
- Of course, another solution is for st itself to modify the
- value of stty erase. I usually have the inverse problem:
- when I connect to non-Unix machines, I have to press CONTROL +
- h to get a BACKSPACE. The inverse problem occurs when a user
- connects to my Unix machines from a different system with a
- correct backspace key.
-
- [1] http://www.ibb.net/~anne/keyboard.html
- [2] http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO-5.html
-
-
-## But I really want the old grumpy behaviour of my terminal
-
-Apply [1].
-
-[1] https://st.suckless.org/patches/delkey
-
-
-## Why do images not work in st using the w3m image hack?
-
-w3mimg uses a hack that draws an image on top of the terminal emulator Drawable
-window. The hack relies on the terminal to use a single buffer to draw its
-contents directly.
-
-st uses double-buffered drawing so the image is quickly replaced and may show a
-short flicker effect.
-
-Below is a patch example to change st double-buffering to a single Drawable
-buffer.
-
-diff --git a/x.c b/x.c
---- a/x.c
-+++ b/x.c
-@@ -732,10 +732,6 @@ xresize(int col, int row)
- win.tw = col * win.cw;
- win.th = row * win.ch;
-
-- XFreePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.buf);
-- xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h,
-- DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
-- XftDrawChange(xw.draw, xw.buf);
- xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);
-
- /* resize to new width */
-@@ -1148,8 +1144,7 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
- gcvalues.graphics_exposures = False;
- dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, parent, GCGraphicsExposures,
- &gcvalues);
-- xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h,
-- DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
-+ xw.buf = xw.win;
- XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[defaultbg].pixel);
- XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);
-
-@@ -1632,8 +1627,6 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
- void
- xfinishdraw(void)
- {
-- XCopyArea(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w,
-- win.h, 0, 0);
- XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc,
- dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)?
- defaultfg : defaultbg].pixel);
-
-
-## BadLength X error in Xft when trying to render emoji
-
-Xft makes st crash when rendering color emojis with the following error:
-
-"X Error of failed request: BadLength (poly request too large or internal Xlib length error)"
- Major opcode of failed request: 139 (RENDER)
- Minor opcode of failed request: 20 (RenderAddGlyphs)
- Serial number of failed request: 1595
- Current serial number in output stream: 1818"
-
-This is a known bug in Xft (not st) which happens on some platforms and
-combination of particular fonts and fontconfig settings.
-
-See also:
-https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxft/issues/6
-https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=107534
-https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1498269
-
-The solution is to remove color emoji fonts or disable this in the fontconfig
-XML configuration. As an ugly workaround (which may work only on newer
-fontconfig versions (FC_COLOR)), the following code can be used to mask color
-fonts:
-
- FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_COLOR, FcFalse);
-
-Please don't bother reporting this bug to st, but notify the upstream Xft
-developers about fixing this bug.